Understanding the Rhetoric of Food

The Rhetoric of Food as a genre of writing initially appears to be very ambiguous and broad. However, as you begin to explore the different texts within the genre, you quickly realize that they serve a greater, more defined purpose than just discussing food.

I initially thought of the Rhetoric of Food to be a cookbook, a recipe, or something of the like, but I came to understand that it is so much more than that. People use food as a platform with which to discuss a variety of things: culture, identity, social issues, and beyond. Food writing can display the change or merging of cultures over time as authors discuss how their historical foods of their original heritage have survived or morphed throughout the centuries;  food writing can tell you how to make your grandmothers apple pie; food writing can discuss the ways food supported the emergence, or oppression, of certain groups of people; food writing can tell you where to eat and where to not eat; food writing can do all of these things and more.

The Rhetoric of Food is a genre that shows how interconnected our world is; how the things we eat and the dishes we make serve more than to just satisfy our primitive notions of hunger. Food has shaped the development of cultures, civilizations, and relationships throughout time and continues to do so in the present. Whether it is a restaurant review or a text discussing the real origins of African American “soul food”, it speaks to the greater intersections within the human experience and how we choose to interact with our food.

To exemplify how I have come to understand the Rhetoric of Food on a deeper level, below is a list of readings that show the vast topics that this genre has the potential to discuss.

  1. Foster Wallace’s, “Consider the Lobster” – in this publication, Wallace uses a discussion about the coveted Maine Lobster Festival as a means to question the ethicality of eating animals that can feel pain. He also discussed the psychological and physical nature of pain and a compelling and deep argument against the consumption of lobsters. This is my #1 favorite text we read in the course because it demonstrates how food writing can be used to discuss ethical issues and spread a message to places greater than just our taste buds.
  2. Tipton Martin’s, “The Jemima Code” – I love this text because it demonstrates how food and history shaped the development of a culture and new cuisine. In Martin’s Annotated Bibliography, the true origins of staple African American cuisine and who created this cuisine are recognized – once again showing how food writing is vastly larger than recipe writing and sharing.
  3. Ree Drummonds, “The Cowboy Quiche” – This was one of my favorite independently selected pieces of food writing (not only because Ree Drummond is my favorite food blogger) but because this piece shows how a recipe, can even be more than a recipe in itself. Drummond offers a rich, hearty quiche recipe that she loves to make for her family after a long day at work. This piece of writing shows that even a recipe can hold deeper meanings about family traditions and the way society positions food as a means to connect with and care for one another.

 

The Semester’s Best Readings

By Lexi Hill

Throughout this semester, we as a class read and discussed a huge number of texts that varied in genre. I enjoyed many of them, but one that really stood out to me was David Foster Wallace’s “Consider the Lobster”. On the surface, this article (originally published in Gourmet magazine in 2004) discusses the Maine Lobster Festival, but delves much deeper into analysis of the ethics of certain cooking methods and even includes detail about the anatomy of a lobster. Wallace’s complex text also led to a very interesting class discussion where I grew to appreciate the article even more after learning new things about it from the class.

Read “Consider the Lobster” herehttp://www.gourmet.com/magazine/2000s/2004/08/consider_the_lobster.html

In addition to in-class readings, I worked with many unassigned texts to complete original compositions. Of those works, my favorite was the “Go Fork Yourself” podcast. I listened to dozens of podcasts in my process of creating my own, and this one was quite memorable. Hosted by Andrew Zimmer of Bizarre Foods, this podcast is incredibly informative while simultaneously witty and easy-going. It was both enjoyable and helpful to my writing process.

Listen to “Go Fork Yourself” herehttp://andrewzimmern.com/category/podcasts/

Online Wrap-Up

My favorite class reading of the year was “Consider the Lobster” by David Foster Wallace. In my head going in to it, I wasn’t sure how an 11 page exposé about a lobster festival would hold my attention. This sensation quickly faded, though, as I was soon intrigued by the way Wallce began to reveal some of the potential cruelties of eating lobster. It became apparent that the piece wasn’t intent to focus on the festival but rather the inhumanities of it. I was moved by this kind of portrayal.

The best thing I read for this class that I chose on my own was Scientific American article called “The Culture of Coffee Drinkers.” I was captivated by this piece because it explained coffee’s cultural significance in way I had never thought about. Coffee’s correspondence with the work place became a phenomenon only recently after Coffee was re-branded in 1970s as a speciality drink, viral to preforming the day’s task. This has turned Coffee into our ultimate stimulant and a drink we treasure on a daily basis.

The meaning of the rhetoric of food begins with the speaking and writing associated with food but it extends much beyond that. Analyzing the rhetoric of food allows one to understand the nuances that lie behind food texts. Details such as the author’s ideology, their purpose, and the cultural significance of what their depicting make up by rhetoric of his or her food text. This rhetoric expresses the author’s ideas about food, but often times it does more. It can reflect bigger ideas about the world such as power dynamics and the ethics of our cultural dominance over animals. Thus, in short, the rhetoric of food explains the significance of the the speaking and writing associated with food texts.

 

 

The Rhetoric of Food

When signing up for this class, the rhetoric of food, I assumed that I would be reading and writing recipes or something similar for a semester. In my mind, that was the only form of food writing I could think of. At the end of this class, I can say that there is so much more that goes into this genre. Starting with recipes even, I had never really seen this kind of writing as a form of literary expression. Maybe because my oven hadn’t felt warmth in over a semester and my microwave is my best friend, I wasn’t familiar with the variety of recipe narratives that we analyzed at the beginning of this semester. However, I soon began to realize that food writing serves as an outlet for creative expression and can have many different purposes. It can be used to tell a personal narrative, to review a restaurant, to advocate for change, to investigate food and nutrition related issues or to write informative annotated bibliographies over food-related texts, to just name a few. Food writing makes a significant contribution to the literary world and it too often gets overlooked.

I’ve also learned that audience varies significantly between food texts and being conscious of who is reading your writing makes for a successful delivery. I have realized this through my own trial and error throughout this class and feel that I’ve grown in my ability to identify my audience and write accordingly. Lastly, I’ve learned that a lot of our identity comes from our relationship with food. The aroma of spicy homemade chili reminds me of memories spent with my grandma, the salty crunch of tostones reminds me of where I come from and the sight of sprinkles and frosting takes me to Christmas Eve with my family. My connection to food has always been present. Now, I know how to express it in words.

Readings

During the course of the semester, we were required to read various texts that were interesting and influential on my development as a food writer. However, the one article that really stuck out to me was, “Consider the Lobster,” by David Foster Wallace. As a person that believes myself to be a lover of all creatures (except snakes), this text opened my eyes to how cruel the process of cooking a lobster really is. I enjoyed that it was kind of a taboo subject. I don’t think anyone really enjoys the thought of boiling a creature while it’s still alive, but at least for me, I never really thought about the well being of a lobster up until now. I took many pointers on his effective execution of triggering an emotional response from his audience and used them to guide me through my original composition project.

On my own, during one of my many drafting processes, I stumbled upon a short video titled, “ Anna Lappé & Food MythBusters — The Myth of Choice: How Junk-Food Marketers Target Our Kids.” Its purpose was to inform its audience of the dangers and effects of junk food and drink advertising on children and advocated for change. Although this video was discussing a serious topic, the producers made sure to maintain an entertainment factor to ensure the audience remained engaged. I used this as my primary mentor text for my genre conventions paper and it later helped me to construct my script for my final presentation.

The “Rhetoric of Food”

Upon registering for the course, I assumed the rhetoric of food was limited in categories and was solely based on different rhetorical strategies used when describing food that is eaten.

Now, I understand that the rhetoric of food stretches across a wide range of types, such as from recipes to annotated bibliographies, creating various relationships between the writer, text, and audience. The rhetoric of food chosen for the text is often determined by the author’s background and identity and the goal they wish to convey to the specific audience. Often there is strategic use of tone, images, and organization to suit the topic they cover and how they want the readers to react. A person’s experience and interest in food is often shaped by their cultural background, geographical locations visited, economic accessibility to certain foods, and even gender expectations that can unknowingly shape a person’s food choice (Western culture: females-salad; male-protein).

Therefore the rhetoric of food does apply strategies on the overarching subject of food, however, in a much larger context that considers the genre, goals, and identity of the author and the audience.

Readings of Interest: my choices

Class reading

Overall, the text I enjoyed the most was the article “Consider the Lobster”. I throughly enjoyed the point of view David Foster Wallace employed in describing the lobster festival by writing a review in a surprisingly different manner than most reviews use. He addresses topics that are often forgotten, such as how different methods of preparation affect the lobster, which are often not thought of when being commissioned to describe a annual food festival.

Outside reading

The text that shifted my interest in food writing is a food blog called “Lady and Pups”. Having read countless texts for the various class assignments, this one stuck with me and ended up being my main inspirational mentor text. I have experienced a vast variety of food writing styles over the course of the semester and this is the one I thought spoke to me the most. The satirical and humor filled language drew me and and peaked my interest the most.

The Rhetoric of Food

When I first heard the phrase “rhetoric of food,” nothing came to mind. It sounded very intellectual but was essentially void of meaning for me. After spending a semester studying this very topic, I have a better understanding of what the rhetoric of food means.

Rhetoric, simply, is the art of persuasive communication. This was my starting block for understanding the rhetoric of food. Through our class discussions, readings, and writing projects, I now approach a piece of writing differently. When I read a recipe, there is much to consider. Who is the author? Who is the audience? Where is this author coming from? What’s his or her religion, ethnicity, cultural upbringing? What is the author’s goal in writing? All of these questions drastically affect writing and they all play in to the rhetoric of writing.

When I now think of the rhetoric of food, I think about the discourse surrounding food; I think of the multitude of elements that vie for influence in a story; I think of the layers of meaning underneath the simple words on a page. The rhetoric of food is not a vague concept but the meaning infused in every piece of writing.

To Put on Your Reading List

Reading about food is almost as enjoyable as eating food. I never realized how often I click on food-related articles all day long until I took this class. I usually have several food tabs open, waiting until the end of the day when I have time to peruse what caught my fancy throughout the day. Here are two articles that have wandered through my brain time and again since originally reading them. Add them to your food-reading tab queue; they’re worth it!

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Jerusalem  on a Plate: Identity, Tradition, and Ownership by Yotam Ottolenghi 

My mental image of the Middle East is often limited to what I see on the news, which leaves me with a very color-neutral, war-torn, depressing image. When my parents traveled to Jerusalem earlier this year, I was so surprised by their pictures. The city looked like a tropical oasis with vibrant nearby seas, lush nature, and an array of colorful, unique architecture. Reading this article confirmed this latter description of the holy city. I appreciated Yotam Ottolenghi’s perspective and approach to both food and his city of heritage. His rich descriptions of childhood memories as a Jew in Jerusalem parallel that of his friend (and co-author of a Jerusalem cookbook) who grew up muslim in the same city. He focuses on commonalities in the article and describes cultural traditions and experiences relating to food. He leaves out politics, offering readers a refreshing chance to learn more about a city and culture that is often only viewed through the lens of religion and politics.

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Tea Tuesday: Meet the Chai Wallahs of India by Layla Eplett 

I found this article while researching chai. Chai is a rich tea (and the word also means tea) that can be found on every corner in India where it is peddled by “chai wallahs.” This NPR article explores the world of chai wallahs through the eyes of Resham Gellatly and Zach Marks. Gellatly and Marks are journalists who set out on an eight month journey to travel through India and meet the country’s wallahs. This article is peppered with large, high-quality pictures paired with brief stories and quotes. The photojournalism enhances the article’s focus and invites readers to take a journey alongside the journalists to learn about the nation’s favorite drink.

Morning Stimulation Episode 1 with Ian Goodman and Charlie Malkin

Here is the 1st episode of my podcast, Morning Stimulation. Enjoy!

Sources
Barron, Jesse. “Letter of Recommendation: Segmented Sleep.” The New York Times. The New York Times, 02 Apr. 2016. Web. 28 Nov. 2016.

www.howstuffworks.com/jessika-toothman-author.htm. “How Cyber Monday Works.” HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, 10 Oct. 2011. Web. 28 Nov. 2016.

Swift, Chris. “Top Ten Most Traded Commodities | Rogers Family Company.” Rogers Family Coffee. Rogers Family Co., 19 Oct. 2016. Web. 28 Nov. 2016.

Songs (Royalty Free)
Cashmere Cat – 773 Love (Cashmere Cat Edit) – Cashmerecat – Jeremih-773-love-cashmere-cat

Funky Suspense – www.bensound.com/royalty-free-mus…k/funky-suspense

Image (Royalty Free)
Podcast Artwork – pixabay.com/p-958410/?no_redirect